autocad 3d drawings of a drone in detail drone
This resource was created to help you better understand how drones are existence used in mapping and land surveying today, to provide some pointers about the mapping software out in that location, and to generally get you started if yous've been considering adding mapping to your list of drone pilot skill sets.
These days drones are helping people to map big areas in a quick, cost-effective manner and to provide hard data that helps expedite workflows in a variety of commercial settings.
Simply a few years ago, the only manner to get an aerial photogrammetric map of high accurateness and resolution was to fly the area of interest with a manned aircraft—or have admission to a spy satellite! Merely the advancements in drone capabilities and their decreasing costs accept made high-quality aerial maps available for a multitude of people and industries.
Permit's take a closer expect.
Want to skip around? No trouble:
- Drone Mapping Use Cases by Manufacture
- Primal Mapping Terminology
- Drone Mapping Software
Drone Mapping Utilize Cases past Industry
Construction
The construction industry also greatly benefits from drone mapping. Maps tin be used to regularly update clients in the structure industry on the progress of their projects, clarify stockpiles of raw materials such as dirt and gravel, or even generate 3D models of structure sites. These maps help construction managers obtain the "big picture" and assist in strategic determination making.
Read this instance studyon using drone mapping to verify and compare construction site earthwork to the original site plan.
Land Surveying
Land surveyors are an obvious beneficiary of aerial mapping. Their task is to take precise measurements on pieces of land in society to make up one's mind boundaries. The data they collect assist in the cosmos of maps, plots, and legal documentation. With maps as a crucial office of their job, in that location is no doubt that drone photogrammetry tin can be helpful to their profession. Surveyors can obtain a highly accurate map with photogrammetry that can easily be turned into a 3D topographic map with profile data—a process that used to be extremely tedious. With their expertise and the possession of high quality equipment like RTK GPS units, surveyors can produce extremely accurate maps for their clients, and the efficiency drones provide helps them to expedite their workflow and meliorate their bottom line.
A give-and-take of caution for drone service providers: Many drone mapping solutions may be capable of "survey grade" quality maps. Yet, we recommend that you DO NOT advertise that you tin provide "survey course" results unless you are a licensed surveyor, or working with/for 1. For more data about this, reach out to your state'southward country surveyors board to learn more than nearly the laws in your area.
Read this example written report on using drone mapping to create an extremely accurate topographic survey prior to the evolution of a subdivision in Northern Colorado.
Real Estate
Aerial maps are useful for aiding in the sale of land. For those considering ownership large areas of real estate, an up-to-date aeriform map can be of considerable value in determining if the belongings is right for them. If you lot have e'er looked at a standard satellite epitome, you know that the detail is often lacking. Drone mapping can solve that clarity consequence. A highly detailed aeriform map allows for insight into the holding details without requiring a customer to be there in person. And with the assist of a licensed country surveyor, contour lines and accurate borders can even exist overlaid onto the imagery. DroneDeploy is a good software choice for real estate, because of its ease of use and because it was made (in part) for this type of work—skip ahead to the software section to check information technology out.
Read this case written report on how an aeriform services company in Edmonton, Canada used a drone to make a 3D recreation of a high cease property for potential real estate clients.
Watch this video to meet the 3D map referenced in the instance study linked higher up:
Large Belongings 3D Imaging
Mining
One manufacture that is already embracing mapping by drone is the mining manufacture. Up-to-date and detailed maps are used to manage stockpiles, water drainage, erosion detection, and pit and dump management among a host of other uses. Constantly updated maps tin give managers better situational awareness that can assist in determination making.
Read this case studyon how aerial maps were used to help a mining visitor in Canada evaluate the lifespan of mining waste material in club to develop a programme for expanding the sites where they stored waste product.
Inspection
As you probably already know, inspection is becoming an of import role of the UAS industry. Drone pilots primarily use cameras to visually audit equipment, but photogrammetry can also assist in inspection. On a small scale, drones tin help create a detailed map of a roof, and RGB and IR sensors can assist to detect areas with leaks or poor insulation coverage. On a bigger calibration, for example, the energy industry can use aeriform maps to inspect solar farms, spotting problem spots in the solar panels with the assist of infrared imagery. Raptor Maps or DroneMapper are skilful software options to consider for inspection work—skip alee to the software department to cheque them out.
Read this case report on how drones were used to audit the facade of a century-former building called the Palace of Justice in Messina, Italia by creating a vertical surface orthomosaic.
Agriculture
The industry with the most potential for drone mapping is agriculture. Currently, agriculture is forecasted to be the largest use case overall for UAS. Maps give farmers the power to quickly analyze their crops and provide crucial data to guide decision making. Using NDVI imagery, a farmer with proper training can determine the health of his field and make important decisions in existent time. Instead of walking the whole crop or traversing the field with a tractor, a drone can semi-autonomously produce a map and betoken out areas of trouble. This ways that those in agriculture can relieve fourth dimension, increase crop yield, and ultimately, amend their bottom line. Some major drone companies that are focusing on agriculture include DroneDeploy with their Field Scanner awarding, Precision Hawk'southward Precision Mapper, and Pix4D'due south PIX4DAG software—skip ahead to the software section to acquire more.
Read these case studies on how farmers are saving money with drone mapping, including a soybean farmer who located a bur cucumber infestation via aerial maps and avoided farther contamination, thus saving $5,000; and a corn farmer who assessed ingather harm from a hailstorm and saved near $v,500 by reallocating resource using the information provided.
Forestry
Drone mapping can too exist helpful to the forestry industry. With detailed maps, illegal logging can exist detected and tracked, tree count can be determined, and the health of the forest can be monitored. Using NDVI imagery, areas of dry vegetation can be monitored, which tin can help with forest fire prevention. Maps can too help identify dead copse, revealing whether a disease might be affecting the forest. The list goes on and on.
Read this case study to learn how drone mapping was used to create an accurate assessment of the timber quality of a woods in Republic of ireland, and save a buyer virtually $178,000 on their purchasing cost.
Emergency Direction
When disaster strikes, quick and accurate information is vital for emergency management to effectively respond, peculiarly when the disaster covers a large expanse. Using drone photogrammetry, officials can make up one's mind the most damaged areas of a disaster (retrieve flood or hurricane). With this data, they tin can finer distribute their resources for a timely response. In 2022 we've seen drones at work in disaster relief during Hurricane Harvey, Hurricane Irma, and others, with drones beingness used in search and rescue work, and non-profit organizations using DroneDeploy'southward software to create detailed maps for emergency direction in the Houston, Texas expanse and elsewhere.
Read this case report to learn how aeriform maps helped responders place dangers, detect victims, and assess structural damage following a massive landslide in the Putumaya region of Columbia.
Key Mapping Terminology
Now that we've covered use cases, allow's wait at key terminology in mapping.
If you lot browse down the page a trivial, yous'll see that there is a lot of vocabulary here—we recommend bookmarking this folio and using it as a resource.
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Photogrammetry—The scientific discipline of taking measurements from photographs, usually those taken from the air.
Orthomosaic—An aerial image corrected for topographic relief, camera tilt, and distortions in photographic camera optic then that the scale of the prototype is uniform throughout.
RGB Camera—This is the traditional blazon of camera used in mapping. Information technology takes a sample of Cherry-red, Green, and Blue spectrums of light to create the paradigm.
NDVI—Too known every bit Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, which is a derived paradigm (unremarkably from a modified RGB or most IR sensor). NDVI takes the cogitating calorie-free from the establish and ranks it on a calibration from a -1 to +1 value. When there is a higher corporeality of reflective light from the constitute, NDVI then correlates with a healthier plant, equally the chlorophyll in the establish is what the calorie-free reflects off (plants that are non salubrious have a lack of chlorophyll, and therefore reflect less calorie-free). NDVI is a valuable tool for those in agriculture and can be used to clarify ingather health. Although NDVI is useful, it requires a certain caste of ground truth and proper analysis to exist helpful to the terminate user. A standard NDVI map is typically not a helpful deliverable to the end user, only rather a tool for those who specialize in ingather monitoring.
GCP—Also know as a Ground Control Signal, which is a physical marking on the basis that is used to keep your map geographically accurate. The location of a GCP is noted with an RTK (Real Time Kinematic) GPS (or other GNSS system) coordinate. This is a very accurate coordinate and allows your whole map to be aligned properly with the surrounding geographical surface area. Essentially, it makes sure that one bespeak of the epitome is aligned with the precise GPS coordinate on the earth. This is very important if your map is going to be compared to an older map data, overlaid over other remote imagery, or relied upon for survey-accurate results.
Most Infrared—A spectrum of lite (electromagnetic radiation) that is slightly below the wavelength of visible light. NIR light reflected off a plant tin can be an indicator of how healthy it is. Special NIR, multispectral, or modified RGB cameras are needed to obtain this data.
Infrared—IR is electromagnetic radiations or calorie-free with longer wavelength (lower frequency) than most infrared. The benefits of IR is that it tin can detect rut.
Thermography—Thermography is imagery taken of the infrared spectrum of lite. This imagery shows areas of oestrus in an object and is oft used in industrial applications. The demand for thermographic piece of work seems to be growing, and presents a new way for drone pilots to earn money.
RTK—Also know as Real Time Kinematic satellite navigation, this is a centimeter-accurate technique of obtaining GPS (or any GNSS) data. Essentially, the RTK receiver analyzes the GPS radio signal to summate this data. RTK is a big bargain—an on board RTK receiver on a drone can negate the need for GCPs.
Signal Cloud—A bespeak cloud is the collection of points or coordinates on an object's surface. This collection of points can exist used to create a 3D model of an surface area. Point Clouds are often derived from photogrammetric and LIDAR data.
Relative Accuracy—In terms of mapping, relative accuracy refers to how authentic a signal on a map is to other points on the same map. This ways that if two points on a map are Ten cm autonomously on the map, they should be X cm apart in the real world.
Absolute Accuracy—Absolute Accurateness refers to the accuracy of a point related to the coordinates in the real world. Absolute Accuracy ways that a point on a map should match its actual GPS coordinates.
Resolution—Resolution is the level of detail on a map. This is oft measured in CM/Pixel, which means that for every pixel, Ten amount of CM will be represented on the map.
Drone Mapping Software
Now that we've covered use cases and cardinal terminology, let'due south expect at the dissimilar mapping software options out at that place.
It'southward important to note that this listing does not include every mapping software on the marketplace. A growing number of companies are getting into mapping software as the drone manufacture grows, and this list is not meant to be exhaustive.
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DroneDeploy, a leader in the field, is a San Francisco based company founded in 2013 that produces photogrammetric and analytic software for drones. They offer cloud-based processing and support for DJI drones. You can apply DroneDeploy to make orthomosaics, digital terrain models, gather NDVI data, and generate 3D models. Their target industries include construction, farming, and surveying.
DroneDeploy is great for those who demand a organisation that is easy to use, just also packed with features. Ane of their unique products is the Field Scanner app, which allows farmers to generate maps in real-time during a flight and quickly access NDVI maps—all without net admission. DroneDeploy'south App Market allows yous to employ 3rd party plugs such every bit Autodesk, Airmap, Kittyhawk, Agremo, and more.
DroneDeploy offers a gratuitous version of their app forth with professional, business, and enterprise plans.
With Propeller, y'all tin collect, process, and visualize your data.
Propeller creates tools and software for construction companies, mines, quarries, and landfills to collect, procedure, and visualize accurate survey data. Some of the earth'due south leading heavy ceremonious and resources operations trust Propeller to reply critical questions about their site's progress, productivity, work quality, and safety.
To learn how much you tin can salve on surveying costs and man-hours past switching to using drones and Propeller, click hither to effort out their ROI calculator.
Pix4D is a Swiss company that offers a suite of photogrammetric software. This software is beefy in nature but has extensive capabilities. They have specific versions focusing on mapping (Pix4DMapper), construction (Pix4Dbim), agriculture (Pix4Dag), and 3D modeling (Pix4Dmodel).
Pix4D also has a mobile app (PIX4DCapture) to automate the mapping procedure with compatibility, not only with DJI drones but also Parrot drones. Yous can process your data either using your own hardware or by uploading your images to Pix4D's cloud services.
One thing it'due south important to call out virtually Pix4D is its toll. While a free trial is available, licenses price several hundred dollars a month, or a few thousand for a perpetual license. That said, at that place is a reason why Pix4D is known to be i of the almost capable mapping software options in the drone manufacture. With its characteristic-packed versions focused on specific industries, it is a powerful tool for knowledgeable people in surveying, structure, ceremonious engineering science, agriculture, and other industries.
Raptor Maps is a well-established software startup founded by MIT engineers. Their software is aimed at inspections and precision agriculture. One unique feature that they offer is the power to create thermal maps.
Use cases for their mapping software include the inspection of solar panels, electrical utilities, and roof inspections. Raptor Maps also provides software as well as hardware for agriculture monitoring. Using their Harvest Monitor sensor and software, reports can be generated on a field's wellness and then that farmers can make amend decisions for their crops.
Precision Hawk offers Precision Mapper, which is a solution for drone mapping. The North Carolina-based visitor, founded in 2010, is a major player in the UAV manufacture—peculiarly in the realm of agriculture. Their mapping solution can produce orthomosaics and 3D models, and includes extensive tools for crop health analysis and volumetric measurement.
One unique characteristic that Precision Hawk offers is their algorithm library. This library is like an app store of tools that you tin apply to analyze your imagery. In that location are algorithms for an assortment of NDVI enhancements, a awning comprehend estimator, a roof written report generator, and even an algorithm that finds continuing water in a field. Precision Mapper is a adept option for those in agriculture, and also for insurance companies.
Skycatch is a San Francisco-based company founded in 2013. They have a focus on enterprise solutions and piece of work with major construction companies like Komatsu and Bechtel. Skycatch can exist used to brand orthomosaics, contour maps, surface models, and more. Their software also integrates with CAD software.
Skycatch works with DJI drones as well as their own drone, the Skycatch Drone, which has congenital in RTK. Skycatch is a neat option for structure companies who are looking to hands integrate remote imagery into their workflow.
Drofika's smart aerial data platform allows users to turn their aeriform images into 2nd and 3D models for accurate and intelligent analysis. These models can be accessed on any device considering the Drofika platform is cloud based. Drofika lets users get daily updates from their uploaded aerial images, and provides information that is more accurate than traditional surveying methods, while likewise providing cost effective solutions to help save fourth dimension and reduce rework.
WebODM is a free and open source mapping software (though you can pay for an installer and technical support). Being open up source, those who know what they are doing can download the API and create further functionality. The software allows you to create orthomosaics as well every bit 3D and elevation models. There is also integration for QGIS and AutoCAD. WebODM is a great option for those who want to map every bit a hobby, or service providers who are a bit more computer literate than the average user.
Agisoft is a Russian tech company that started in 2006. Their software not merely does photogrammetry only as well 3D modeling, panorama stitching, and support for fisheye lenses. Using the professional version of their software you can make point clouds, digital elevation models, take measurements, and process RGB, NIR, thermal, and multi-spectral imagery. Agisoft is great for professionals who need an all in one package for photogrammetry and 3D modeling—architects, GIS professionals, Civil Engineers, and media professionals take note.
Maps Fabricated Easy, a San Diego company, is a web-based, pay-every bit-yous-go mapping solution. MME tin can generate your typical photogrammetry as well as 3D models, stockpile calculations, and NDVI maps. Maps Made Easy even has geo-referencing bachelor for its maps.
The Map Pilot app for Maps Fabricated Easy can control your DJI drone and wing the mapping mission for you. Maps Made Piece of cake is great for those who don't need mapping on a regular basis, don't have powerful computing hardware, or don't like having to pay for a monthly subscription.
The world of drone mapping is large and potentially intimidating, only likewise full of opportunity for the commercial drone pilot. We hope this beginner'southward guide helps you get a proficient start in the world of drone mapping, and launches you on a path toward developing a lucrative skill gear up that will serve y'all for years to come.
Want to take a deeper swoop into the world of mapping past drone? Make certain to bank check out our hands-on drone flight preparation classes.
Source: https://www.dronepilotgroundschool.com/drone-mapping-software/
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